Introduction

Chinese researchers have begun construction of a massive neutrino observatory in the South China Sea. With the goal of investigating the extreme cosmos and helping to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of cosmic rays. The project team asserts that Trident will be the biggest and most sophisticated nuclear submarine in the world once it is finished in 2030. In the western Pacific Ocean, at a depth of 3.5 kilometres, the telescope will be attached to the seabed. Its job is to search the nearby seawater for light flashes that result from cosmic neutrinos interacting with water molecules.

Using Earth as Shield

Under the Western Pacific Ocean, 3.5 kilometres (2.2 miles) below the surface, the Trident array will be fixed to the seabed. From there, it will monitor the saltwater for light flashes caused by cosmic neutrinos colliding with water molecules. The project’s principal scientist and spokeswoman, Xu Donglian of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, stated at a news conference. Tuesday that Trident will detect neutrinos penetrating from the opposite side of the earth.

Trident’s proximity to the equator allows it to receive neutrinos from all directions. As a result of the Earth’s rotation, allowing it to observe the entire sky without any blind spots.

Scientists

The Trident telescope is anticipated to be more sensitive than any other neutrino telescope in the world, according to researchers. Within its first year of operation, it is anticipated to find neutrinos from the active galaxy NGC 1068. Whereas it takes the IceCube neutrino telescope in Antarctica ten years to achieve 4.2 sigma. Trident would detect the burst from transient neutrino sources like the blazar with a significance of over 10 sigma, compared to IceCube’s 3.5 sigma in 2018.

Cosmic Rays

The atmosphere of Earth is continually being pounded by cosmic rays from far space. However, more than a century after they were found by the Austrian physicist Victor Hess, experts are still unsure of their actual origin. Cosmic rays travel through space at almost the speed of light, but because they are primarily protons, they are charged and magnetic fields force them to travel in different directions. As a result, their path when they arrive on Earth cannot be utilised to identify their origin.

Neutrinos, a mysterious family of electrically neutral subatomic particles, are also present in cosmic rays. They can be a potent instrument to uncover the sources of cosmic radiation because they can travel astronomical distances without being refracted or absorbed.

About Telescope

The telescope will also aid in examining space- and time-related symmetries, searching for quantum gravity, and, indirectly, dark matter. The atmosphere of the Earth is continually being pounded by cosmic rays. But even now, more than a century after their discovery, scientists are still unsure of where they came from. Neutrinos, evasive subatomic particles that can be a potent instrument. For revealing the origin of the cosmic, are also present in cosmic rays, according to SecurityLab.ru. The Trident will be significantly more sensitive than current neutrino observatories, according to the Chinese team. In comparison to the IceCube Observatory at the South Pole, it will be up to 10,000 times more powerful.

The People’s Republic of China’s Ministry of Science and Technology, the Shanghai Municipal Government, and Shanghai Jiaotong University all provided funding for the project’s pilot phase.

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